What types of information does PHI include?

The correct choice highlights that PHI, or Protected Health Information, encompasses any health information that can identify an individual. This includes a wide range of information that relates to an individual's physical or mental health condition, the provision of health care to the individual, or the payment for the provision of health care. Essentially, if the health information can be tied back to an individual, it is considered PHI and is protected under HIPAA regulations.

Employment information and educational records are generally not included in the definition of PHI unless they specifically relate to an individual's health and are held by a covered entity that provides health care. General statistics on health outcomes, while useful for research and public health purposes, also do not qualify as PHI because they do not identify specific individuals. Therefore, focusing on information that intrinsically connects to an individual's health and identity is key to understanding what constitutes PHI.